方法：1、“show charset”语句，查看mysql所支持的字符集；2、“show create database 库名\g”语句，查看库的字符集；3、“show full columns from 表名”，查看表中所有列的字符集。
本教程操作环境：windows7系统、mysql8版本、dell g3电脑。
查看字符集
1、查看mysql数据库服务器和数据库字符集
方法一：show variables like '%character%';方法二：show variables like 'collation%';
方法一：
mysql> show variables like '%character%';+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+| variable_name | value |+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8 || character_set_connection | utf8 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | utf8 || character_set_server | utf8 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql5535/share/charsets/ |+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
方法二：
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';+----------------------+-----------------+| variable_name | value |+----------------------+-----------------+| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci || collation_database | utf8_general_ci || collation_server | utf8_general_ci |+----------------------+-----------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、查看mysql所支持的字符集
使用show charset可查看mysql所支持的字符集
mysql> show charset;+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| charset | description | default collation | maxlen |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| big5 | big5 traditional chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 || dec8 | dec west european | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 || cp850 | dos west european | cp850_general_ci | 1 || hp8 | hp west european | hp8_english_ci | 1 || koi8r | koi8-r relcom russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 || latin1 | cp1252 west european | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 || latin2 | iso 8859-2 central european | latin2_general_ci | 1 || swe7 | 7bit swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 || ascii | us ascii | ascii_general_ci | 1 || ujis | euc-jp japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 || sjis | shift-jis japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 || hebrew | iso 8859-8 hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 || tis620 | tis620 thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 || euckr | euc-kr korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 || koi8u | koi8-u ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 || gb2312 | gb2312 simplified chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 || greek | iso 8859-7 greek | greek_general_ci | 1 || cp1250 | windows central european | cp1250_general_ci | 1 || gbk | gbk simplified chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 || latin5 | iso 8859-9 turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 || armscii8 | armscii-8 armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 || utf8 | utf-8 unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 || ucs2 | ucs-2 unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 || cp866 | dos russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 || keybcs2 | dos kamenicky czech-slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 || macce | mac central european | macce_general_ci | 1 || macroman | mac west european | macroman_general_ci | 1 || cp852 | dos central european | cp852_general_ci | 1 || latin7 | iso 8859-13 baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 || utf8mb4 | utf-8 unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 || cp1251 | windows cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 || utf16 | utf-16 unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 || cp1256 | windows arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 || cp1257 | windows baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 || utf32 | utf-32 unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 || binary | binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 || geostd8 | geostd8 georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 || cp932 | sjis for windows japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 || eucjpms | ujis for windows japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+39 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、查看库的字符集
语法：show create database 数据库\g;
mysql> show create database shiyan\g*************************** 1. row *************************** database: shiyancreate database: create database `shiyan` /*!40100 default character set gbk */1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4、查看表的字符集
语法：show table status from 库名 like 表名;
mysql> show table status from class_7 like 'test_info';+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-| name | engine | version | row_format | rows | avg_row_length | data_leate_time | update_time | check_time | collation | checksum | +-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-| test_info | innodb | 10 | compact | 10 | 1638 | 17-12-05 19:01:55 | null | null | utf8_general_ci | null | +-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5、查看表中所有列的字符集
语法：show full columns from 表名;
mysql> show full columns from test_info;+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+| field | type | collation | null | key | default | extra | privileges | comment |+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+| id | int(3) | null | no | pri | null | | select,insert,update,references | || name | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | yes | | null | | select,insert,update,references | || dorm | char(10) | utf8_general_ci | yes | | null | | select,insert,update,references | || addr | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | yes | | 未知 | | select,insert,update,references | || score | int(3) | null | yes | | null | | select,insert,update,references | |+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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以上就是怎么查询mysql的字符集的详细内容。